Fruit flies part 1: Introduction to Drosophila

Fruit flies are an excellent food for many surface feeding killifish, closely resembling their natural diets in the wild. They are easy to culture, quickly, cheaply and in large numbers. Fruit flys are rarely available in pet shops, but are widely available online, and very much worth trying, even if you don't bother culturing them on an ongoing basis.

What is a fruit fly?

Fruit flies are small flies that live on and around decaying fruit and vegetation. They occur worldwide, except the very coldest regions. The species most familiar to scientists, aquarists and herpetologists are in the genus Drosophila which literally means 'dew-lover' in Greek. Also known as 'bar fly' or 'vinegar fly', these little flies are commonly found around waste bins, bars, orchards etc, and they are widely used in laboratories as research animals. The species we feed to our fish however, have been bred to have shorter 'vestigial' wings, and as such can not fly. These are typically from two species Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila Hydei.

Why fruit flies?

Although dealing with highly mobile flies can be trickier than with worms, there are some great reasons to consider culturing them.

• Nutritious - all fish can be trained to eat flies, but surface feeders love them. Not only are they relished by the fish, but they also have a high fibre content, and are therefore a great contrast to the fattier foods such as worms and beef heart. They are also typically disease-free, unlike some aquatic livefoods.
• Prolific An adult fly can lay 20+ eggs in a day. Once you get the hang of it, fruit flies are easy to maintain, and at 25 deg. centigrade the development of Drosophila melanogaster takes just 9 days.
• Availability - unlike collected livefoods, cultured Drosophila are available all year round.
• Flightless flies available - fruit flies have been studied in laboratories for very many years, and a lot is known about the humble fruit fly. Over the course of these studies, geneticists line-bred many strains of fly, including vestigial-winged, and even wingless flies. These are the flies typically cultured by hobbiests.

Drosophila larvae in a typical culture

Drosophila larvae climb up the walls of their vials and chrysalise

Drosophila pupae

Drosophila life cycle

Adult flies lay a lot of eggs. A single female can lay over 20 eggs in a day, and can store sperm within her body for up to two weeks, to lay fertilized eggs at will.

Eggs take 23 hours to hatch at 25 deg C. Once they do hatch, the larvae bury into the media and grow. They will stay as larvae for five days, in which time they undergo three moults.

Eventually they will start to climb the sides of the vial, and when fully grown will settle near the top, and form a chrysalis. The change from maggot to fly takes around three days, but again, is temperature dependent.

The image to the right shows a newly formed chrysalis with the lava's segments still visible (1), an older chrysalis with the fly clearly visible. The red dots are its eyes (2) and an empty chrysalis from which a fly will have hatched (3).

Once the flies have emerged they must be moved to new vials, as there is now no food suitable for them in the old vials.

Fruit fly cultures for sale

Fruit Fly & Drain Fly Killer - Simple Commercial Drain Gel Treatment

Saint Louis, Missouri, 631**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$27

Fruit Fly & Drain Fly Killer - Simple Commercial Drain Gel Treatment ?? Eliminates Gross Fruit Flies, Drain Flies, Sewer Flies & Gnat Infestations From Any Drain. Fast & Easy
FAST ACTING & EASY TO USE ?? Simply Pour This Specially Formulated Gel Solution Down Any Sink Drain Or Floor Drain Where Fruit Flies and Drain Flies Breed. Works On The Worst Fruit Fly & Drain Fly Infestations. Can Be Used In Bars, Bathrooms, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens & Restaurants
HOW IT WORKS ... more

100+ Flightless Fruit Flies Drosophila hydei Live Culture Feeder

Yucaipa, California, 923**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$20

100+ Flightless Fruit Flies ?? Live Culture (Drosophila hydei)
From NoFly Feeders ?? Yucaipa, California
Looking for reliable, high-quality feeder insects? Our flightless fruit fly cultures are bred for strong production, easy feeding, and zero escape headaches
?? What You Get:
100+ live flightless fruit flies (Drosophila hydei)
Active, healthy culture ready to feed or start your own colony
Larger size flies ?? ideal for reptiles, fish, amphibians & spiders
? Why Buy... more

Turkish Glider Fruit Fly Culture 4 Pack Reptile Dart Frog Food Live

Dover, Pennsylvania, 173**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$29

32 oz Drosophila Melanogaster (4 Pack) "Turkish Glider" Fruit Fly Culture
Our Fruit Flies are made in house with Repashy
Turkish Glider Melanogaster are the smallest size of fruit flies at 1 / 16 "
Turkish Glider Melanogaster are a winged and slightly darker than the Golden Wingless Melanogaster
This winged form of melanogaster can 'glide' short distances making for a more active feeder enticing even the pickiest of eaters
Turkish Gliders produce fast and consistently with ... more

Fruit Fly Culture Live Feeder - Golden Hydei 32oz Reptile / Invertebrate / Frog

Xenia, Ohio, 453**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$15

? Golden Hydei Fruit Fly Culture
Live Fruit Fly Culture ?? Golden Hydei
Premium live fruit fly culture designed for consistent feeding performance for reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates
This culture produces high-output Golden Hydei fruit flies, ideal for medium-to-large insectivores and feeding programs requiring sustained availability
??
? Product Includes:
* 1 × 32oz Live Fruit Fly Culture
* Species: Golden Hydei (D. hydei variant)
??
?? Why This ... more

Fresh HYDEI fruit fly culture

East Syracuse, New York, 130**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$14

1- FRESH 32oz culture of Golden Hydei fruit flies! Live GUARANTEE only when held for pickup l. Specify at checkout. See Unz-arium .com for policy information! Buying from us is agreeing to these terms. GREAT FOR JUMPING SPIDERS, DART FROGS, SMALL REPTILES, FISH, AND MORE!! LAST 30DAYS!!!
... more