Fruit flies part 1: Introduction to Drosophila

Fruit flies are an excellent food for many surface feeding killifish, closely resembling their natural diets in the wild. They are easy to culture, quickly, cheaply and in large numbers. Fruit flys are rarely available in pet shops, but are widely available online, and very much worth trying, even if you don't bother culturing them on an ongoing basis.

What is a fruit fly?

Fruit flies are small flies that live on and around decaying fruit and vegetation. They occur worldwide, except the very coldest regions. The species most familiar to scientists, aquarists and herpetologists are in the genus Drosophila which literally means 'dew-lover' in Greek. Also known as 'bar fly' or 'vinegar fly', these little flies are commonly found around waste bins, bars, orchards etc, and they are widely used in laboratories as research animals. The species we feed to our fish however, have been bred to have shorter 'vestigial' wings, and as such can not fly. These are typically from two species Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila Hydei.

Why fruit flies?

Although dealing with highly mobile flies can be trickier than with worms, there are some great reasons to consider culturing them.

• Nutritious - all fish can be trained to eat flies, but surface feeders love them. Not only are they relished by the fish, but they also have a high fibre content, and are therefore a great contrast to the fattier foods such as worms and beef heart. They are also typically disease-free, unlike some aquatic livefoods.
• Prolific An adult fly can lay 20+ eggs in a day. Once you get the hang of it, fruit flies are easy to maintain, and at 25 deg. centigrade the development of Drosophila melanogaster takes just 9 days.
• Availability - unlike collected livefoods, cultured Drosophila are available all year round.
• Flightless flies available - fruit flies have been studied in laboratories for very many years, and a lot is known about the humble fruit fly. Over the course of these studies, geneticists line-bred many strains of fly, including vestigial-winged, and even wingless flies. These are the flies typically cultured by hobbiests.

Drosophila larvae in a typical culture

Drosophila larvae climb up the walls of their vials and chrysalise

Drosophila pupae

Drosophila life cycle

Adult flies lay a lot of eggs. A single female can lay over 20 eggs in a day, and can store sperm within her body for up to two weeks, to lay fertilized eggs at will.

Eggs take 23 hours to hatch at 25 deg C. Once they do hatch, the larvae bury into the media and grow. They will stay as larvae for five days, in which time they undergo three moults.

Eventually they will start to climb the sides of the vial, and when fully grown will settle near the top, and form a chrysalis. The change from maggot to fly takes around three days, but again, is temperature dependent.

The image to the right shows a newly formed chrysalis with the lava's segments still visible (1), an older chrysalis with the fly clearly visible. The red dots are its eyes (2) and an empty chrysalis from which a fly will have hatched (3).

Once the flies have emerged they must be moved to new vials, as there is now no food suitable for them in the old vials.

Fruit fly cultures for sale

Drosophila Hydei Fruit Fly Culture feeder insects for carnivorous

Niagara Falls, New York, 143**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$9

Drosophila Hydei Fruit Fly Culture
Fruit Flies Drosophila Hydei are perfect feeder insects for carnivorous plants - Drosera (Sundew), Pinguicula (Butterwort), small Sarracenia (Pitcher Plants), Dionaea Muscipula (Venus Flytrap) and Nepenthes (Tropical Pitcher Plant) etc , as well as for young or small reptiles or other insectivorous animals
We sell them in 32 oz specialized containers providing food and comfort habitat for many generations of Fruit Flies
... view on ebay

TC INSECTS Wingless Melanogaster Fruit Fly Culture 32oz Live Feeder Insects

Huntsville, Texas, 773**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$8

Wingless Melanogaster Fruit Flies
These Wingless Melanogaster Fruit Flies are extremely prolific and make an excellent feeder for small reptiles, amphibians, dart frogs, slings, and other tiny insect-eating pets. Their small size and reliable production make them a favorite for keepers who need a steady supply of easy-to-use feeders
Each culture is grown in a 32oz cup with our Super Swarm Media, a premium blend packed with high-quality ingredients to support strong production and healthy ... view on ebay

"Golden" Drosophila melanogaster (Flightless Fruit Flies Culture) - LIVE INSECTS

Cleveland, Georgia, 305**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$40

??PLEASE READ BEFORE PURCHASING??
(WHAT YOU RECEIVE)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FRUIT FLY: "Golden" Drosophila melanogaster (flightless)
SIZE: 1 / 16?? inches (smaller than hydie fruit flies)
COUNT: 50+ (will produce prolifically)
(BASIC INFO)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIVE FOOD SOURCE FOR: Dart Frogs, Jumping Spiders, Praying
Mantis, Mantids, Morning ... view on ebay

Flightless Fruit Fly Culture (Drosophila Golden Hydei)

Ogden, Utah, 844**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$16

Flightless Fruit Fly Culture (Drosophila Golden Hydei). Condition is New. These flightless fruit fly cultures come in a 32oz cup with a ventilated lid, excelsior wool and culture mix. It will come with 100 adult flys that will already be laying new generations upon arrival. For best practices, do not use flys until 5 days after first generation hatches to ensure new generation. These cultures will last you several weeks. Do not be alarmed if flies do not make it in transportation. They only live... view on ebay

Flightless Fruit Fly Cultures Freshly Started

Chardon, Ohio, 440**, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

$19

Shipping Options (Monday through Thursday)
Order must beentered by 12:00pm est to ship same day
Flightless fruit flies (Drosophila hydei) are about ???? and are a great feeder for small lizards, spiders, mantids and frogs. Each culture will arrive with at least 40-50 live fruit flies
These are producing cultures that are about 2 weeks old. They will continue producing new flies for another two to three weeks. These are flightless fruit flies, not wingless
ImportantInfo:
... view on ebay